AP Chemistry Review Questions - The Representative Elements: Groups 1A Through 4A

The monatomic ion that phosphorous is most likely to form is isoelectronic with:
1. Ne
2. Ar
3. Kr
4. Na
5. N
Which group shows the correct order of first ionization energy?
1. Cl > Al > P
2. Ba > Ca > Be
3. B > C > N
4. Cs < K < Na
5. F < Cl < Br
The alkali metal with the lowest melting point is:
1. Na
2. Cs
3. Mg
4. Ca
5. Ba
Lithium does not react as quickly with water as the other alkali metals because:
1. it is not easily oxidized
2. it has a relatively large atomic radius
3. it has a higher melting point than other alkali metals
4. water is often incorporated into the lattice of lithium
5. lithium does not easily ionize
Which of the following statements is true?
1. Alkaline earth metals do not react with water
2. The hydrogen atom has a low charge density
3. The most abundant element in the Earth's crust is carbon
4. The Ca²⁺ ion is used in the treatment of depression
5. All of these are false
Bauxite ore is the natural source for the element:
1. Fe
2. Cu
3. Ni
4. Al
5. Si
The reaction of sodium with water can be summarized:
1. Na + H₂O → NaO + H₂
2. 2Na + H₂O → Na₂O + H₂
3. 2Na + H₂O → 2NaOH + H₂
4. 2Na + 2H₂O→ 2NaO + H₂
5. 2Na + 2H₂O → 2NaOH + H₂
The most abundant element in the human body is:
1. carbon
2. calcium
3. hydrogen
4. phosphorous
5. none of these
A transition metal highly valued for its strength-to-weight ratio, and the major component of Mr. Allan's bicycle is:
1. chromium
2. aluminum
3. titanium
4. vanadium
5. scandium
Reactions between alkali metals and phosphorous result in compounds with the formula:
1. M₂P
2. M₃P
3. MP₃
4. M₂P₃
5. None of these
The halogen with the smallest atomic radius is:
1. fluorine
2. chlorine
3. bromine
4. iodine
5. astatine
Which of the following is not an oxide of carbon?
1. CO
2. CO₂
3. C₃O₂
4. C₂O₃
5. all of these are oxides of carbon
A group whose atoms (M) undergo the reaction:

MO(s) + H₂O(l) → M²⁺(aq) + 2OH^-(aq)
1. 1A
2. 2A
3. 3A
4. 7A
5. 8A
Preparation of pure oxygen and nitrogen is accomplished by liquefaction of:
1. water and ammonia, respectively
2. metallic oxides and metallic nitrides, respectively
3. nitrous oxide
4. sea water
5. air
The chemistry of silicon is dominated by its bonding to:
1. other silicon atoms
2. oxygen atoms
3. carbon atoms
4. nitrogen atoms
5. alkali metals