AP Chemistry Review Questions - Bonding: General Concepts

In which of the following compounds does the bond between the central atom and chlorine have the greatest ionic character?
1. CaCl₂
2. CCl₄
3. HCl
4. BCl₃
5. FeCl₂
Which of the following is the largest ion?
1. Li⁺
2. Na⁺
3. K⁺
4. Rb⁺
5. Cs⁺
Which of the following compounds is most likely to be ionic?
1. CO₂
2. CCl₄
3. MgCl₂
4. HBr
5. FeCl₃
Which of the following bonds is the least polar?
1. H - O
2. C - Cl
3. B - F
4. Na - O
5. Al - S
Which of the following molecules has a dipole moment?
1. H₂O
2. CCl₄
3. CO₂
4. CH₄
5. Br₂
Which of these is an isoelectronic series?
1. Li, Na, K
2. P^3-, S^2-, Cl^-
3. O, S, Se
4. K⁺, Ca²⁺, Ga³⁺
5. Li⁺, Na⁺, K⁺,
Which statement best describes the bond angles in NH₃?
1. Exactly 120°
2. Exactly 180°
3. Approximately 109°
4. Slightly less than 109°
5. Slightly less than 90°
Given the following bond energies, estimate the enthalpy change (heat of reaction) for the combustion of methane (CH₄).
- C - C, 347 kJ/mol
- C = C, 614 kJ/mol
- C - O, 358 kJ/mol
- C = O, 799 kJ/mol
- C - H, 413 kJ/mol
- O - H, 463 kJ/mol
- O - O, 146 kJ/mol
- O = O, 495 kJ/mol
1. 74 kJ
2. -245 kJ
3. -74 kJ
4. -808 kJ
5. 3132 kJ
As indicated by Lewis structures, which of the following would probably not exist as a stable molecule?
1. CH₃Cl
2. CH₃OH
3. C₂H₅OH
4. C₂O₃
5. CH₂Cl₂
Which of these Lewis structures is invalid?
Which of the following molecules must contain at least one double bond
1. CH₃I
2. CH₃COOH
3. H₂O₂
4. CCl₄
5. H₂O
The Lewis structure for hydrogen cyanide is:
How many unshared electron pairs must be included in the Lewis structure for water, H₂O?
1. 0
2. 1
3. 2
4. 3
5. 4
How many of the following molecules can have their structures drawn within a plane?
- CH₄
- H₂O
- CO₂
- BF₃
1. all
2. one
3. two
4. three
5. none
In the Lewis structure for CH₂Cl₂, the central atom shares __________ electrons.
1. 2
2. 4
3. 6
4. 8
5. 10
In the Lewis structure for CH₂Cl₂, the number of unshared electron pairs is:
1. 2
2. 4
3. 6
4. 8
5. 10
Which of the following does not describe a molecule with zero net dipole moment
1. Diatomic molecule of an element
2. Trigonal planar molecule, three identical bonds
3. Tetrahedral molecule, 4 identical polar bonds
4. Linear molecule of a hydrogen halide
5. All of these have zero net dipole moment
Nitrogen triiodide, NI₃, is an unstable molecule that is used as a contact explosive. Its molecular structure is:
1. pyramidal
2. tetrahedral
3. square planar
4. octahedral
5. none of these
Which of the following statements is false?
1. Within the representative elements, electronegativity tends to increase with decreasing atomic radius.
2. Cations tend to be smaller than the corresponding atom from which they were formed.
3. High electronegativity is characteristic of nonmetals.
4. Semi-metals have generally higher electronegativity than metals.
5. All of these statements are true.
Which of the following ionic compounds has the smallest lattice energy?
1. LiF
2. CaCl₂
3. Na₂O
4. CaO
5. MgS